Pregnant Mom’s lifestyles can affect their babies’ health

Everybody knows that Mom’s lifestyle habits bring into pregnancy can have lasting effects on her baby's health. It’s proofing by some research. A Dutch research found that some women who smoked, had low folic acid and had high blood pressure in early pregnancy had babies that were smaller in the first trimester of pregnancy and had a higher risk of complications later. This research followed 1,631 pregnant women from their first trimester through their pregnancies. The growth of their offspring was assessed until the children were 2.

"Our study demonstrates that several maternal physical characteristics and lifestyle habits, such as smoking and non-use of folic acid supplements, affect first-trimester fetal growth," said study senior author Dr. Vincent Jaddoe, a pediatric epidemiologist at Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Dr. Jaddoe said that the first trimester of pregnancy was very critical period for fetal growth and development. This is important, since it suggests that the fetus is already affected before pregnant women visit their midwife or obstetrician.

Researchers found that some special factors could affect to the babies size. Babies whose mothers smoked, had higher diastolic blood pressure readings (diastolic is the bottom number in blood pressure) and had low folic acid consumption were more likely to be smaller.

The babies who had small size during their first trimester pregnancy had a higher risk of certain complications in the pregnancy, such as premature birth or low birth weight.

Until this time there are a lot of women didn’t know that she was pregnant, sometimes until they have 2 month pregnancy still not know that she was pregnant. It means they have passed her 2 month of pregnancy that include in the first trimester that it was very important period.

"The fetus is very vulnerable, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. For women who are planning to become pregnant, it seems important to optimize their lifestyle habits before they become pregnant. From a health care perspective, we need to consider preconception care to help women to optimize their lifestyle habits before they become pregnant," said Jaddoe.

Source : www.healthyday.com

The Simple Tips to Improve Your Chances of Getting Pregnant

For some women, getting pregnant is easy. But there are a lot of women are not easy getting pregnant. For whatever reason Mother Nature has decided that it is going to take a little more work than originally planned. If you are unfortunate enough to find yourself in this situation, what can you do to improve your chances of getting pregnant? Sometimes they needs a little auxiliary to improve their chances of getting pregnant by knowing when the best time is to do it and what to do afterward to improve your chances of getting pregnant.

Knowing the best time to do it.

By knowing the best time to do it will greatly improve your chances of falling pregnant. But, how do you know when the time is right? There is common knowledge that you need to be ovulating, but some don't know how you can find out when that is. The easiest way is to check your cervical mucus. If it is slippery and thin then you know that you are currently ovulating and it is the best time do try and conceive. If you find that it is thick and sticky, then you may need to wait a little longer in order to begin ovulating.

Position To Use

A controversial tip on how to get pregnant quick is by using the missionary position. There are many people who will argue with the effectiveness of this position. Some people said positions were irrelevant, but be positive thinking that every little thing helps! Think about it, during the missionary position, where the women are laying on her back, it can bring the penis far into the vagina as possible, giving the sperm a closer path to the egg. The sperm not use more energy to find the egg.

Lay Down After Sex Really Helps

Like most women, you might get up quickly right after sex for whatever reason. But by getting up too fast after sex can cause difficulty for the sperm to move in the right direction and making it harder to meet up with the egg. You can imagine if you are walking in the step grade, you need more energy and it was exhausted. It is different if you are walking down, you need a little energy and it is easier to past it. So by laying down for at least 10 minutes after sex with your pelvic area thrust upwards can greatly assist the sperm to reach their destination, therefore helping you to get pregnant quick.

So you decided to take the big step into becoming a parent. Congratulations! And now you are probably thinking, what is the best way to get pregnant quick?

Aside from the obvious which is:

• Getting a healthy diet
• Avoid smoking, alcohol and caffeine
• Exercise and keep in shape
• Avoid stress, or learn to manage stress

There are also a few not so obvious things that can actually help boost your chances of conception quick, but the more important is prays to the God whose give a live.

Source: how-to-get-pregnant-fast-naturally

Morning Sickness / Mual pada pagi hari : Berpeluang Miliki Anak Cerdas

TORONTO,Kompas.com --- Para ibu yang menderita mual pada pagi hari selama masa hamil memiliki peluang lebih baik untuk memiliki bayi yang lebih cerdas. Demikian temuan beberapa ilmuwan Kanada.

Beberapa peneliti di Hospital for Sick Children’s Motherisk Program, Toronto, mendapati bahwa mual pagi hari muncul berkaitan dengan peningkatan perkembangan syaraf pada janin.

Bagi tujuan studi tersebut, 121 perempuan hamil direkrut antara 1998 dan 2003 melalui jalur penghubung mual pagi hari yang dikelola oleh Motherisk Program.


Peserta studi itu dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok: ibu yang mengalami mual pagi hari dan dirawat dengan "dicletin" (obat yang digunakan dalam perawatan mual dan muntah selama masa hamil); mereka yang mengalami mual pagi hari dan tak diberi "dicletin"; dan mereka yang tak mengalami mual pagi hari.

Kecerdasan dan prilaku anak-anak pada masa kehamilan ibu mereka saat itu dinilai ketika anak-anak itu berusia tiga tahun dan tujuh tahun. Anak-anak tersebut diberikan tes psikologi yang seusia dengan usia mereka, termasuk tindakan kecerdasan dan prilaku, demikian laporan kantor berita resmi China, Xinhua.

Faktor lain seperti IQ ibu, jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari, konsumsi alkohol dan status sosial-ekonomi juga diperhitungkan. Studi tersebut mendapati bahwa semua anak di dalam ketiga kelompok tersebut memiliki nilai dalam kategori normal dalam hasil perkembangan syaraf. Tetapi anak dari ibu yang mengalami mual pagi hari memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dalam penampilan IQ, kefasihan lisan, pemrosesan fonologi dan ingatan akan angka.

Secara luar biasa, para peneliti itu menemukan, makin parah mual pagi hari, makin mungkin anak yang dikandung meraih nilai lebih tinggi. Mereka menyatakan bahwa IQ ibu juga memainkan peran dalam hasil tersebut. Hasil penelitian mereka disiarkan di dalam edisi online "The Jounal of Pediatrics".

Mual pagi hari, yang mempengaruhi sebanyak 80 persen wanita hamil, seringkali merupakan salah satu tanda pertama kehamilan, yang secara khusus dimulai sekitar pekan kedua kehamilan. Banyak dokter berspekulasi itu adalah hasil dari perubahan tingkat hormon, seperti estrogen, HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), dan thyroxine.

Keluarnya Sel Telur Dari Ovarium Seorang Wanita

UNTUK pertama kalinya dalam sejarah para ahli di Belgia belum lama ini berhasil merekam dengan sangat jelas proses awal pada reproduksi manusia, yakni keluarnya sel telur dari ovarium seorang wanita.

Adalah ginekolog Dr Jacques Donnez dari Universitas Katolik Louvain (UCL) di Brussels yang berhasil merekam proses pelepasan oosit dari ovarium ketika ia sedang melakukan operasi histerektomi atau pengangkatan kandungan (rahim, uterus) seorang wanita. Gambar-gambar yang menakjubkan ini juga dipublikasikan dalam majalah New Scientist.

Secara alami, wanita normal mengeluarkan satu hingga beberapa sel telur setiap bulan ketika memasuki masa-masa subur. Namun begitu, sejauh ini belum ada ahli yang mampu merekam secara jelas dan detail momen-momen keluarnya sel telur manusi dari organ wanita.

Sel telur dalam gambar tersebut adalah milik seorang perempuan berusia 45 tahun asal Belgia.

Sel telur dihasilkan oleh folikel-folikel, kantung-kantung berisi cairan, di bagian dalam ovarium yang pada masa ovulasi akan mengeluarkan benjolan (protrusi) kecil berwarna kemerahan yang terlihat dalam gambar. Telur-telur akan muncul pada ujung benjolan tersebut dengan bentuk sel-sel yang mirip jeli. Setelah keluar dan lepas dari benjolan tersebut, sel-sel kemudian akan berkelana menuju tuba falopi di mana nantinya akan dibuahi oleh sel sperma dari seorang pria.

Sel telur dalam gambar tersebut adalah milik seorang perempuan berusia 45 tahun asal Belgia. Donnez mengatakan, beberapa teori mengindikasikan bahwa pelepasan sel telur dalam ovarium bersifat "eksplosif", namun apa yang direkamnya ini berlangsung sekitar 15 menit.

sumber : http://www.aga.com/

Makanan Apa Yang Harus Di Hindari Selama Kehamilan???

Banyak pertanyaan dikalangan ibu hamil tentang makanan apa saja yang boleh dan yang sebaiknya dihindari selama masa kehamilan, dan kenapa?.....

Ada beberapa jenis makanan yang sebaiknya dihindari selama kehamilan karena mereka dapat menyebabkan infeksi-infeksi seperti; salmonella,toksoplasmosis,listeria, E.coli, yang dapat membahayakan bayi dalam kandungan anda.

• Jangan makan daging mentah (sushi) atau yang dimasak kurang matang, karena mengandung Toksoplasmosis sebuah parasit yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi serius pada janin anda dan juga E.coli, yang berbahaya bagi ibu hamil dan janin.
• Toksoplasmosis terdapat pada sayuran yang tidak dicuci dengan baik, oleh karena itu bersihkan sayuran anda dengan baik, apalagi untuk salad atau lalapan yang dimakan mentah. Hindari juga kotoran kucing atau bermain-main dengan kucing selama kehamilan karena mengandung toksoplasmosis.
• Jangan makan daging ayam dan telur yang dimasak kurang matang atau mentah , hindari makan hati ayam/daging yang mungkin sumber dari salmonella, yang dapat menyebabkan diare yang berat pada ibu hamil. Juga diperhatikan piring, alat-alat masakan yang terkena daging ayam mentah ini untuk dicuci.
• Ikan tuna steak, ikan sea bass, shark, atau ikan-ikan berukuran besar yang diketahui mengandung tingkat mercuri yang tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan saraf jika dimakan dalam jumlah besar. FDA rekomendasi ikan tuna dan ikan ukuran besar ini sebatas 12 ons perminggu
• Keju lunak seperti brie dan camembert, blueveined cheese juga keju dari susu kambing dan domba, serta jangan minum susu yang tidak di pasteurisasi. Semua produk ini mempunyai resiko membawa listeria. Listeria tipe bakteri yang mampu menembus plasenta dan menyebabkan infeksi janin, pada dewasa tidak ada gejala atau seperti flu. Listeria dapat menyebabkan keguguran,kelahiran premature, dan keracunan dalam darah. Sebaiknya hindari makanan jenis ini sampai melahirkan bayi anda.
• Jangan minum yang mengandung alcohol dapat menyebabkan kelainan perkembangan pada janin ada juga problem emosional pada bayi.
• Minuman yang mengandung cafein seperti kopi, teh sebaiknya di hindari atau dibatasi karena kopi dapat memperngaruhi berat badan rendah pada bayi, keguguran dan juga cafein mengurangi penyerapan zat besi.

Ingatlah perkembangan bayi dalam kandungan anda tergantung dari apa yang anda makan selama kehamilan.

sumber : www.infoibu.com

Bugar dan Sehat Saat Hamil Tanpa Anemia

Bagi pasangan yang sudah lama mendambakan momongan maka akan merasa bahagia apabila sang istri mendapat kehamilan. Tetapi seringkali kebahagiaan itu tidak tercermin pada raut muka sang calon ibu yang tampak pucat, lemah dan lesu. Kondisi tersebut sering kali dianggap hal yang wajar, bahkan ada yang beranggapan hal tersebut merupakan bawaan dari sang bayi. Banyak dari wanita hamil tersebut yang tidak menyadari kalau ternyata dirinya mengalami kurang darah atau anemia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 7-8 wanita dari 10 wanita hamil menderita anemia. Kemudian karena konsekwensinya yang tidak ringan seperti pendarahan saat melahirkan dan melahirkan secara prematur, maka sangat penting bagi calon ibu untuk menjaga kesehatannya atau mendapat pengobatan agar terlepas dari anemia.

5L Pada Wanita Hamil, Normalkah?

5L (lesu, lemah, letih, lelah, dan lunglai) merupakan gejala anemia yang sering diabaikan oleh calon ibu. Pada trisemester pertama sebagian besar wanita hamil akan mengalami mual dan muntah yang disinyalir dapat menyebabkan calon ibu tampak lemah dan lesu. Kalaupun pada trisemester pertama ini hilangnya darah menstruasi tidak terjadi tetapi kebutuhan zat pembentukan darah terutama zat besi cenderung meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya usia kehamilan.

Bila mual dan muntah sudah hilang, tetapi calon ibu cenderung tetap mengalami 5L, maka hal ini bukanlah hal yang normal dan perlu penanganan yang serius. Penting bagi calon ibu untuk terhindar dari anemia supaya bisa menghindari terjadinya kelahiran prematur hingga pendarahan berlebihan pada persalinan yang dapat mengancam nyawa ibu dan bayinya hingga 70%. Dengan tidak adanya anemia, calon ibu akan tampak bugar dan sehat sehingga dapat menjalankan aktivitas kesehariannya dengan baik.

Gejala dan Diagnosa Anemia pada Wanita Hamil

Sesuai kodratnya wanita lebih banyak membutuhkan zat besi baik saat hamil maupun tidak dibandingkan pria.Pada wanita yang mengalami menstruasi akan kehilangan zat besi dua kali lipat dibandingkan pria yaitu sekitar 2,4 mg perhari, padahal porsi makan wanita cenderung lebih sedikit dibanding pria. Akibatnya bahkan sebelum hamil pun kebanyakan wanita sudah mengalami anemia, ditambah dengan kehamilan akan memperparah anemia.

Pada trisemester kedua dan seterusnya kebutuhan zat pembentuk darah terutama zat besi meningkat tajam hingga dua kali lipat dibandingkan saat tidak hamil. Keadaan ini disebabkan volume darah ibu meningkat karena kebutuhan janin akan oksigen dan zat gizi yang dibawa oleh sel darah merah. Kemudian saat melahirkan sudah tentu akan terjadi pendarahan yang memerlukan penggantian darah secepatnya.

Sayangnya gejala 5L baru muncul begitu anemia dalam tingkat yang lanjut. Berikut adalah tingkatan anemia :

1. Stadium 1

Kehilangan zat besi melebihi asupannya, sehingga menghabiskan cadangan dalam tubuh, terutama di sumsum tulang. Kadar ferritin (protein yang menampung zat besi) dalam darah berkurang secara progresif.

2. Stadium 2

Cadangan besi yang telah berkurang tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan untuk pembentukan sel darah merah, sehingga sel darah merah yang dihasilkan jumlahnya lebih sedikit.

3. Stadium 3

Mulai terjadi anemia. Pada awal stadium ini, sel darah merah tampak normal, tetapi jumlahnya lebih sedikit. Kadar hemoglobin dan hematokrit menurun.

4. Stadium 4

Sumsum tulang berusaha untuk menggantikan kekurangan zat besi dengan mempercepat pembelahan sel dan menghasilkan sel darah merah dengan ukuran yang sangat kecil (mikrositik), yang khas untuk anemia karena kekurangan zat besi.

5. Stadium 5

Dengan semakin memburuknya kekurangan zat besi dan anemia, maka akan timbul gejala-gejala karena kekurangan zat besi dan gejala-gejala karena anemia semakin memburuk.

Anemia sendiri merupakan kondisi dimana kadar hemoglobin (Hb) seseorang kurang dari 10g/dl. Sementara angka idealnya untuk wanita dewasa berdasarkan standar WHO adalah 12g/dl. Artinya, seorang wanita dewasa, baik yang sedang hamil maupun tidak, akan didiagnosa mengalami anemia jika kadar Hb-nya di bawah 12g/dl. Tetapi munculnya gejala sangatlah individual, bisa jadi orang dengan Hb 10g/dl masih beraktivitas normal dan energik sedangkan yang lain nampak letih dan lesu.

Untuk mendiagnosa anemia perlu pemeriksaan darah, biasanya yang diperiksa adalah kadar zat besi. Atau mengukur kadar transferin (protein pengangkut zat besi yang berada diluar sel darah merah) dan kadar ferritin (protein yang menampung zat besi).

Akibat Anemia pada Janin dan Calon Ibu

WHO menyatakan bahwa anemia merupakan penyebab penting dari kematian ibu saat hamil ataupun melahirkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase kematian ibu saat melahirkan akibat anemia adalah 70% dan sekitar 19,7% akibat hal lain. Anemia pada kehamilan juga berhubungan dengan meningkatnya angka kesakitan ibu saat melahirkan.

Pada wanita hamil, anemia meningkatkan frekuensi komplikasi pada kehamilan dan persalinan, seperti meningkatkan resiko terjadinya kematian janin di dalam kandungan, melahirkan secara prematur, atau bayi lahir dengan berat badan rendah, dan juga angka kematian bayi setelah dilahirkan Di samping itu, perdarahan sebelum dan setelah melahirkan lebih sering dijumpai pada wanita yang anemia dan hal ini dapat berakibat fatal, sebab wanita yang anemia tidak dapat mentolerir kehilangan darah.

Pencegahan dan Penanganan Anemia pada Wanita Hamil

Mengkonsumsi makanan yang bergizi adalah hal yang penting tetapi terkadang hal ini tidak cukup. Oleh karenanya sudah menjadi hal umum bila wanita hamil selalu diberi suplemen tambahan yang mengandung zat besi oleh dokter. Selain itu pengaturan usia ibu saat hamil ataupun jarak antara kehamilan juga merupakan hal yang penting, karena dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan saat terbaik bagi wanita untuk terjadi kehamilan adalah pada usia antara 20 hingga 35 tahun. Karena apabila hamil pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun atau lebih dari 35 tahun akan meningkatkan resiko terjadinya anemia.bagi calon ibu.

Untuk Ibu yang mengalami kehamilan lebih dari 4 kali juga dapat meningkatkan resiko untuk mengalami anemia demikian juga apabila jarak antara dua kehamilan kurang dari 2 tahun dapat juga meningkatkan resiko terjadinya anemia.
sumber : www.medicastore.com

Bagaimanakah Posisi Tidur Yang Baik Selama Kehamilan?

Banyak ibu hamil yang bingung harus tidur dengan posisi yang bagaimana? Dan apakah bayinya aman dan merasa nyaman ?--- Sebenarnya posisi tidur yang bagaimanakah yang terbaik selama kehamilan?

Pada kehamilan trimester awal ibu hamil dapat tidur dan beristirahat dengan berbagai posisi apapun yang penting dapat memberikan rasa nyaman untuk ibu.

Ibu hamil sebaiknya tidak perlu kuatir bayi dalam kandungan anda merasa tak nyaman atau berbahaya, karena tubuh ibu di ciptakan begitu unik sehingga dapat memberikan perlindungan, juga janin dalam kandungan anda tidak pernah merasa tak nyaman karena janin dalam kandungan mengapung dalam cairan ketuban dan mempunyai ruang sendiri untuk bergerak bebas.

TIDUR DENGAN POSISI TENGKURAP aman saja buat ibu hamil tapi biasanya pasa kehamilan trimester pertama, adanya pembesaran payudara dan juga payudara lebih sensitive akan menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan untuk tidur tengkurap, dan pada saat dimana perut anda sudah mulai membesar (awal 14 minggu) tidur dengan posisi tengkurap menjadi sangat tidak nyaman karena anda harus menyokong paha dengan bantal untuk dapat tidur tengkurap karena perut yang mulai membesar. Dari suatu survey ibu hamil yang tidur dengan posisi tengkurap sebelum 16 minggu 1% tapi setelah lebih 16 minggu menjadi 0 %.

TIDUR DENGAN POSISI TELENTANG, dianjurkan setelah kehamilan 16 minggu ibu hamil untuk tidak tidur telentang, karena dengan tidur posisi telentang anda meletakan seluruh berat rahim ke bagian belakang, usus, dan vena cava inferior. Tidur posisi telentang juga dapat meningkatkan resiko sakit pinggang, wasir, dan gangguan pencernaan, dan menganggu pernafasan dan sirkulasi. Posisi tidur telentang pada trimester ke dua dan tiga juga dapat mempengaruhi tekanan darah. Untuk beberapa wanita, menyebabkan penurunan tekanan darah yang membuat mereka merasa pusing, untuk yang lain, malah meningkatkan tekanan darah. Pada kasus kehamilan dengan tekanan darah tinggi tidur dengan posisi telentang sangat TIDAK dianjurkan.


Sebenarnya posisi tidur yang bagaimanakah yang terbaik?

Belum ada penelitian lebih lanjut tentang posisi tidur yang aman untuk wanita hamil, tapi sangat dianjurkan setelah kehamilan 16 minggu, sebaiknya ibu hamil tidur dengan POSISI MIRING KE SISI KIRI, karena posisi ini memberi keuntungan untuk bayi anda untuk mendapatkan aliran darah dan nutrisi yang maksimal ke plasenta karena adanya vena besar (vena cava inferior) di bagian belakang sebelah kanan spina yang mengembalikan darah dari tubuh bagian bawah ke jantung. Juga dapat membantu ginjal untuk membuang sisa produk dan cairan dari tubuh ibu sehingga mengurangi pembengkakan pada kaki, pegelangan kaki dan tangan.

Tidur POSISI MIRING KE KANAN, juga baik, anda dapat menganti posisi miring kekanan-kiri untuk membuat anda tidur lebih nyaman.

Jika anda terbangun malam dan menemukan anda tidur telentang, jangan kuatir,---anda tidak melakukan seseuatu yang mencelakai bayi anda. Kembalikan saja ke posisi miring. Lagipula pada kehamilan lanjut, dimana perut sudah membesar, disertai kondisi lain seperti kram, sering kencing, kontraksi palsu, bayi anda yang menendang perut, rasa asam lambung yang meningkat yang akan menyebabkan ibu akan terbangun beberapa kali di malam hari sehingga ibu sudah pasti akan berubah posisi tidur beberapa kali karenanya dan otomatis tidak seterusnya tidur dengan posisi telentang.

Tips: Untuk tidur dengan posisi miring yang lebih nyaman taruhlah bantal diantara dengkul anda dan satu dipunggung anda. Atau anda dapat membeli bantal khusus ibu hamil.

sumber : www.infoibu.com

Apa itu Morning Sickness? Bagaimana menanggulanginya?

Morning sickness adalah rasa mual dan muntah yang biasanya terjadi pada masa 3 bulan awal kehamilan (trimester pertama kehamilan). Rasa mual dan muntah ini bisa terjadi karena makanan tertentu, bahkan hanya karena mencium bau makanan tertentu saja Setiap wanita hamil memiliki tingkat derajat mual yang berbeda-beda, ada yang tidak terlalu merasakan apa-apa, tapi ada juga yang merasa mual dan bahkan ada yang merasa sangat mual dan muntah setiap saat sehingga memerlukan pengobatan (hiperemesis gravidarum).

Hal ini terjadi karena adanya peningkatan hormonal. Atasilah dengan makan dalam jumlah sedikit tapi sering, jangan makan dalam jumlah atau porsi besar hanya membuat anda mual. Di awal kehamilan ini kebanyakan wanita hamil hanya sedikit saja meningkat berat badannya dan ini tidak mempengaruhi perkembangan bayi anda. Dan jangan kuatir biasanya keluhan mual-muntah akan menghilang pada akhir trimester pertama.

Ingat setiap wanita hamil spesial dengan karakteristik masing-masing, begitu juga anda!

Berikut ini beberapa tips untuk membantu anda mengatasi “morning sickness” atau mual-muntah selama awal kehamilan:

• Berusahalah makan sewaktu anda dapat makan, dengan porsi kecil tapi sering dan jangan makan dalam porsi besar yang membuat anda tambah mual.
• Makanlah makanan yang tinggi karbohidrat dan protein sehingga dapat membantu mengatasi rasa mual anda. Perbanyak konsumsi buah dan sayuran dan makanan yang tinggi karbohidrat seperti roti, kentang, biscuit, dll
• Waktu bangun tidur pagi hari jangan langsung buru-buru terbangun, cobalah duduk dahulu dan baru perlahan berdiri bangun. Bila anda merasa sangat mual ketika bangun tidur pagi persiapkan snak atau biscuit didekat tempat tidur anda, dan anda dapat memakannya dahulu sebelum anda mencoba untuk berdiri.
• Hindari makanan yang berlemak, berminyak dan pedas yang akan memperburuk rasa mual anda.
• Minum yang cukup untuk menghindari dehidrasi akibat muntah. Minumlah air putih, ataupun juice. Hindari minuman yang mengandung kafein dan karbonat.
• Vitamin untuk kehamilan kadang memperburuk rasa mual, tapi anda tetap memerlukan folat untuk kehamilan anda ini. Vitamin B6 efektif untuk mengurangi rasa mual tetapi konsultasikan vitamin kehamilan yang sesuai dengan dokter anda. Dan Dokter anda mungkin akan memberikan obat untuk mual bila memang diperlukan.
• Pengobatan secara Tradisional : Biasanya orang menggunakan jahe dalam mengurangi rasa mual pada berbagai pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian di Australia menyatakan bahwa jahe dapat digunakan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengatasi rasa mual dan aman untuk ibu dan bayi. Pada beberapa wanita hamil ada yang mengkonsumsi jahe segar atau permen jahe untuk menbantu mengatasi rasa mualnya.
• Istirahat dan relax akan sangat membantu anda mengatasi rasa mual muntah. Karena bila anda stress hanya akan memperburuk rasa mual anda. Cobalah beristirahat yang cukup dan santai, dengarkan musik, membaca buku bayi atau majalah kesayangan anda dll. Hadapilah kehamilan anda dengan kebahagian, karena ini adalah anugerahNya. Bayangkan saja si kecil yang akan segera hadir membawa sejuta kebahagiaan.

Ingat!!! Hubungi dokter anda bila mual-muntah menjadi sangat hebat, sehingga anda tidak dapat makan atau minum apapun juga sehingga dapat menimbulkan kekurangan cairan/dehidrasi. (Hiperemesis gravidarum).

Morning Sickness - An Infamous Pregnancy Symptom

By Robin Elise Weiss, LCCE, About.com

Morning sickness tends to be the first pregnancy symptom most women experience. It can start nearly as soon as the pregnancy test is positive, though many women will not notice morning sickness until about the sixth week of pregnancy.

Is it only in the morning?:

You may experience morning sickness at any time of the day or night, though most women do experience some uneasiness of the stomach early in the morning, probably because their stomachs are empty. If you are unlucky enough to suffer from this pregnancy symptom at work, there are things you can do to try to ease the symptoms and deal with it.

What does it feel like to have morning sickness?:

Some women have nausea and vomiting, while others may experience only queasiness. Neither is pleasant. A few women state that actually vomiting usually makes them feel better, others find no relief. Try to figure out what helps you feel better, whether it be eating, sucking on suckers or candy, or even avoiding certain foods.

What kind of treatments are available for this pregnancy symtom?:

There are many things that women can do to help alleviate this annoying pregnancy symptom:

• Avoid offending foods (often high fat or spicy foods)
• Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day to help stabilize blood sugar
• Try suckers or hard candy, particularly sour stuff like lemon
• Certain medications and treatments as prescribed by your doctor or midwife, including medications
• Try non-medicinal aids that don't require prescriptions or drugs.
• More tips to avoid morning sickness.

Is morning sickness ever dangerous?:

Morning sickness can cause you to experience dehydration if you are unable to eat, drink or constantly lose your food through vomiting. When this happens it is called hyperemesis gravidarum. Though usually some IV hydration and sometimes tube feedings can usually solve this problem. Medications are occasionally used, particularly in severe cases.

Pregnancy & Back Pain - Oh my aching back!

By Robin Elise Weiss, LCCE, About.com

Back pain and pregnancy just seem to go together! When you see a pregnant woman you see her rubbing her belly and holding her back. Why is it that the majority of pregnant women will have back ache as a nearly daily complaint? And, more importantly, what can you do about it?

Why Your Back Hurts

When you are pregnant your body produces a variety of hormones. One of these hormones is called Relaxin. Sounds like something really soothing and helpful, which it is, for birth. Relaxin causes the ligaments and the pelvis to soften to allow the baby out through the pelvis. This is also why pregnant women "waddle."

In addition the pelvis relaxing for the upcoming event of birth, your uterus is growing and this does two things:

• Changes your center of gravity
• Relaxing uterine ligaments cause additional strain to be placed on the spine and your surrounding muscles
• Your overstretched abdominal muscles are also not equipped to handle the entire weight of the uterus so your spine and back muscles will bear this extra burden as well.

Posture is another culprit. As your mother would say, "Stand up straight, shoulders back..." I would add, "Uterus up and out, be proud!"

If this is not your first pregnancy you have two additional concerns regarding your back: your older children and the fact that second pregnancies tend to experience all symptoms of pregnancy a bit earlier on. Ensure that you lift you children using your legs and not your back, when bathing them kneel at the tub instead of bending at the waist (What waist?), or have someone else take on these chores. Children may need a bit of an explanation why you can't carry them around as much, but in the long run you will be grateful for protecting your back.

Prevention

Prevention is the best management for this discomfort. Preventative measures include:

• Exercises (Particularly Pelvic Tilts)
• Paying attention to your posture
• Lifting and bending appropriately

Start Breast feeding

Start Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding bond you and your baby emotionally in a special way that cannot be matched, because breastfeeding meets both the nutritional and development needs. The things you should
consider are as follows.

• Create a peaceful environment to relax yourself.
• Find a comfortable position, such as in a chair, with sufficient room on the sides and back
  for pillows to support your baby and your arms. Sitting up in bed with pillows under your
  legs or using a footstool when in a chair will help you be comfortable.
• Unpack your baby and check his/her diaper; change it if required. If your baby is awake
  and ready to nurse, wait until after the first breast to change your baby's diapers.

When should Start

Research shows that the critical days for breastfeeding success are the first six to seven days after
delivery, and later near the baby's sixth week. Weakness may play a large role in any fears about
continuing breastfeeding. If possible, get help with the household tasks and newborn care. Do not
hesitate to accept help when offered.

After Cesarean Birth Breastfeeding

A cesarean birth does not directly affect the breastfeeding process. However, discomfort, and the
medications used in surgery may cause challenges when you begin breastfeeding. Nurse your baby
as soon after delivery as possible, and on demand every 8-12 times per 24 hours. Once you
begin regular feedings, your milk supply will increase.

First Few Weeks of Breastfeeding

If possible, put your baby to your breast within the first hour after birth. Nurses can teach you
ways to help the baby latch on using the best positioning to ensure success. Continue to feed your
baby on demand every 1 to 3 hours per 24 hours (8-12 times per 24 hours). Frequent feedings
minimize feeding problems.
It is normal for the babies to be drowsy the first 24-48 hours after birth. Attempt to breastfeed
every 1 to 3 hours per 24 hours.

Breast feeding Problems

Successful breastfeeding is a combination of patience, support and good technique. As you become
more proficient in the skill of breastfeeding, it will become easier and more enjoyable for you.
However, beside the way you and your baby may experience some problems. According to our
research the most common problems and their solutions that mothers suffer from are given below.

Inverted or Flat Nipples:

Initial feedings may be more difficult with flat or inverted nipples, but successful breastfeeding is
achieved by most women.

Treatment

• Some women find that wearing special nipple cups called breast shells between feedings
  help draw their nipple out.
• After you have delivered, hand expression or pumping may help make the nipple more erect.
• It is not recommended to roll, twist or pull on your nipple. These actions can cause nipple trauma.

Enlargement:

Breast fullness is a normal condition that occurs two to three days after birth and is caused by
increased blood supply, fluids and milk in the breast tissue. Fullness is different from enlargement,
and usually decreases within the first two to three weeks if the baby is nursing regularly. If, at any time,
enough milk is not being removed, i.e., a skipped feeding, or limited feeding time at the breast,
the breasts may become tender and blown up.

Treatment

• If breasts continue to be full and uncomfortable, apply cold compresses to both breasts
  as needed between feedings. The cold will feel good and decrease the swelling.
• Try a warm shower, hot washcloths on your breasts, or lean over a sink or basin to let your
  breasts rest in the warm water prior to nursing.
• Massage your breasts to promote milk flow.
• An enlarged breast may flatten your nipple, making it more difficult for your baby to latch-on.
  Use hand expression of milk to soften the areola just before latch-on.
• Feed your baby on demand, approximately every one to three hours for at least 15 minutes
  of suckling on each breast. Do not skip feedings.
• Wear a supportive bra and get in a comfortable and supported position for feedings.
  Avoid underwire bras.

Sore Nipples:

Research supports the idea that the primary cause of nipple soreness is nipple pain due to improper
positioning of the baby on the breast. However, even with proper positioning, some women may
experience temporary latch-on pain.

Treatment

• Make sure your baby's lips are not turned under and that your baby is not chewing on your
  nipple or sucking with his/her tongue up.

• Pull down firmly on your baby's chin to disturb his/her jaw and widen the mouth
  allowing his/her lower lip to roll outward. (Use your index finger cupped under your breast)
• If you feel your baby nipple-chewing, break the suction, remove your baby from
  your breast, and try attaching him/her again.
• If your baby is sucking her tongue, you may hear a smacking sound and see her
  cheeks caving in. In this case take your baby off your breast and reposition him/her.
• Make sure your baby's mouth is open wide for a good latch-on.
• Use hand expression to bring a little breast milk onto the nipple.
• Express some breast milk onto your nipples after a feeding and then allow your nipples to
  air dry completely.

• Avoid using drying breast creams, such as Masse or other creams that contain alcohol.
  Remember, the Montgomery Glands secrete natural oil for lubrication and protection.
• Try more frequent and shorter nursing periods, rather than longer times between feedings.
• If you think you need a nipple shield, talk with your lactation consultant or health care provider.
• If using nursing pads, change them frequently. Consider using 100% cotton washable bra pads.
  Avoid pads with plastic or moisture-resistant liners.
• Wear clean, supportive 100% cotton nursing bras. Avoid underwire and tight bras.
• Discontinue use of any breast pump, which causes discomfort, and consult a lactation consultant.

Thrush & Symptoms:

The body also depends on our normal bacteria to prevent an overgrowth of yeast organism. This
overgrowth of yeast causes a fungal infection called thrush, which grows in warm, moist conditions,
and can affect any part of the body, including the breasts and nipples in breastfeeding mothers.

Pain

• occurs several weeks or months after successful breastfeeding
• Is a burning or shooting/stabbing pain in the nipple, breast tissue or both
• Is experienced during and after feedings. Sometimes the pain in between feedings is stronger
• Its experienced with pumping the breasts
• Nipple itching, flaking, redness, shininess or sometimes white patches are present
• The baby has white patches on his/her tongue or inside the mouth.
• The baby has a yeast diaper rash and may gassy and fussy.

Treatment

if you guess thrush is present, contact you health care provider for checkup and treatment. It is
wise to treat both the mother and the baby at the same time, even if there are no symptoms. If treatment
is indicated, it should continue for two weeks even if symptoms are gone.

Nipple Preference:

If possible, breastfeed your baby exclusively for the first four weeks without using bottles. Some
babies reject the breast if given bottles while they are learning to breastfeed. The suckling mechanisms
of breastfeeding and bottle-feeding are very different in the use of the muscles and the tongue.
When bottle-feeding, the milk flows faster and your baby gets milk immediately with little effort,
whereas more active suckling is necessary for breastfeeding.

Treatment

• If a bottle must be given as addition, offer it after breastfeeding. If a extra is needed,
  check with your local physician for advices on another option to bottles and nipples, such
  as finger, syringe or cup feeding.

Decreased Milk Supply:

Breastfeeding is a supply and demand system. Whatever your baby needs, your body will produce.
Your milk is made fresh each feeding in response to the suckling stimulus. The more your baby
nurses, the more milk you will produce. If your infant is going through a growth shoot and acts hungry,
feed more frequently for a few days. Your supply will increase and your baby will resume his/her
old feeding schedule.

If you feel that your baby is not getting enough milk then observes the following things.

• Check position of your baby at the breast.
• Observe swallowing behavior of your baby. If your baby is swallowing along with sucking,
  then your baby is getting milk.
• Keep record of your baby's weight gain. If he/she is getting one ounce in a day during the first
  months, then he/she is getting enough diet.

Treatment

• Breastfeed your baby every 8-12 times in 24 hours.
• Try to take rest and relax your body may be by sleeping. Rest when your baby sleeps.
  Remember that babies are night creatures for the first three weeks. This is normal so you will
  have opportunities for nursing sessions at night, and try to sleep during the day when your
  baby sleeps.
• Drink fluids when thirsty.
• Eat a well-balanced diet.
• If any way you continue to have problems for your milk supply then you should consult your physician.
• Try to avoid changing your physician. Because the one physician knows and understands
  better about your case history and course of your treatment through medicines.

Plugged Ducts:

Occasionally milk ducts become stopped as a result of incomplete emptying or continued pressure on
one or more duct. If this occurs, you may feel a hard, lumpy, painful area on your breast.

Treatment

• Apply warm, moist towels to your breasts before feeding.
• Massage your breasts down in the direction of the nipple paying more attention to the painful area.
• Breastfeed in different positions. Place your baby's chin in the direction of the plugged duct.
• Use a little lotion on your thumb and apply firm rolling pressure from behind to the outer
  lump toward the nipple while your baby breastfeeds.
• Get plenty of rest and fluids.
• Avoid restrictive clothing.
• Avoid sleeping on your tummy or the side that the plugged duct is on.
• If the plug does not resolve in several days, contact your physician for assistance. However,
  if you develop fever and flu-like symptoms, you may have progressed to mastitis. Contact your
  health care provider immediately.

Mastitis:

Mastitis is a breast infection. Fatigue is a leading cause of mastitis. Occasionally, a plugged duct
will become infected or bacteria will enter the breast through another route, such as an open sore
on the areola or nipple. Usually hot red, painful, and hard area will be present on the breast.
Typically, the mother will have a fever greater than 100.4 F degrees and feel "flu-like."

Treatment

Do not wait for the mastitis to go away by itself. Contact your health care provider immediately
for treatment with antibiotics. It is very important that you continue frequent nursing during this time.
Your milk is not infected and will not harm your baby.

Symptoms of Pregnancy

Symptoms of pregnancy differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy. Some women experience symptoms of pregnancy within a week of starting stage which is medically termed as conception, but for others it may develop over a few weeks or may not be present at all. Here is a list of some of the most common pregnancy signs. If you have been sexually active and experience any of the given symptoms then you should go for a pregnancy test.

• Food Cravings:
  You may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many women will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can last throughout your entire pregnancy.

• Implantation Bleeding:
  One of the earliest pregnancy symptom is Implantation bleeding. About 6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall. Some women will experience cramping as well as some spotting.

• Delay in Menstruation:
  A delayed menstruation is the most common pregnancy symptom. When you become pregnant, your next period should be missed. Many women can bleed while they are pregnant, but typically the bleeding will be lighter than a normal period.

• Swollen Breasts:
  Swollen breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as 1-2 weeks after conception. Women can feel swollen or sore in their breasts.

• Tiredness:
  Feeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can be started as the first week after conception.

• Morning Sickness:
  This well-known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after conception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all.

• Backaches:
  Lower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it is common to experience a dull backache throughout an entire pregnancy.

• Headaches:
  The sudden rise of hormones in your body can cause you to have headaches early in pregnancy.

• Frequent Urination:
  you may find yourself making a few extra trips to the bathroom after 6-8 weeks of the conception.

• Darkening of Areolas
  If you are pregnant, the skin around your nipples may get darker.

Other articles about pregnancy :

Things You Should and Should Not Do During Pregnancy

Things You Should and Should Not Do During Pregnancy

There are a few things you can do while you are pregnant to help improve your own and your baby's health. You can also avoid risks that can complicate or terminate a pregnancy. One of thebest reasons for you to plan your pregnancy is that you control all those different factors starting from conception which effect the process of pregnancy.

A. Things You SHOULD Do

There are some most common practices which pregnant women should follow to avoid any uncertanity.

Regular Medical Exams

Regular medical exam is the one of the easiest and best ways to avoid problems and complications
during pregnancy.

Recommended Daily Allowance for Folic Acid

Proper amount of Folic Acid significantly reduce your baby's risk for spinal bifida. The current recommendation is 0.4 mg of folic acid daily.

Prenatal Vitamins

Both your baby and you need plenty of vitamins during pregnancy, and by taking special prenatal vitamins you guarantee that you are getting everything you need.

Eat Plenty of Protein

The RDA of protein for pregnant women is 75 grams but 100 grams is often recommended. Sufficient protein is necessary for the development of the baby especially the brain and may help protect against different diseases during pregnancy.

Eat Well and Get Plenty of Exercise.

Your diet needs to include plenty of vitamins, minerals, fiber etc. You also need to exercise and observe your weight as you’re normal.

Be Sure to Get Enough Fat in Diet

Fat and cholesterol, which we normally avoid, are important for absorbing the fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and for stretchable skin. Fat is also necessary for the developing baby brain. That does not mean you want to be over-consuming it.

Be careful when traveling

You should be very much careful when you are travelling. Mostly distant travelling is not recommended by doctors to the women who are at 5-6 month of pregnancy.

B. What You Should NOT Do

There are some points to be considered while you are pregnant.

Avoid from smoking

Smoking is well-known risk to the mother as well as for the baby. Use of smoking can result in pre-term births, unstructured abortion and baby deaths.

Avoid from drinking Alcohol

Alcohol has lots of negative effects on your developing baby which depends on the dose and frequency of alcohol. It leads to a number of inherited birth defects which include prenatal and postnatal growth insufficiency.

Don’t take illegal Drugs

You should avoid using drugs even other then pregnancy, but during pregnancy you must not take illegal drugs, as it may cause problem in your pregnancy.

You Should Avoid Caffeine

Caffeine taken during pregnancy is thought to increase the probability of a child contracting diabetes.

You Should Not Eat Junk Food

Junk food fills your hunger but do not give you what exactly you require in these days for your baby and your own self. As your stomach size decreases during pregnancy, junk food takes up room and prevents you from eating the foods.

You Should Not Use a Water Bed

The heaters used in water beds give off the same electric fields as those found in electric blankets and should therefore be avoided for the same reasons.

You Should Avoid Drinking spout Water if Possible

Recent studies have shown that drinking tap water during the early months of pregnancy can increase your risk of miscarriage. If this concerns you or you have a history of miscarriage, you may want to discuss drinking bottled water with your doctor.

You Should Avoid Stress

Stress is defined as the increase of work and low decision making power during the job.

Try to avoid from Household Cleaning Products, vapors from Paint, Paint Thinner etc.

As with pesticide the best you can hope for, is educating yourself and trying to limit your exposure with the mentioned things.

You Should Avoid Raising Your Body Temperature

There is a potential danger to the developing fetus if your body temperature rises above 102 degrees. By getting a fever, by exercising too strenuously, working outside on hot summer day can cause temperature rise of your baby.

You Should Not Use a Sauna, Hot Tub or Take Long Hot Baths

Hot tubs and hot baths have a tendency to raise your body temperature and therefore are to be avoided.

You Should Avoid Herpes

Herpes when transferred to the baby during delivery, can lead to severe complications. The easiest way to avoid this possibility is to avoid contracting herpes.

Other articles about pregnancy :

Pregnancy Symptoms

Diet during Pregnancy

1st-3rd month:

(Fruits, Calcium, Vegetables and Water)
Calcium is very important for both your baby and your own bones and teeth. An easy way to include calcium in your diet is to eat and drink pasteurized dairy products such as milk, yogurt, cheese and ice cream. Be sure to drink plenty of water, and eat plenty of raw fruits, vegetables, whole grain breads and bran breakfast cereal to make sure your bowel movements are regular.

4th month:

During pregnancy, need of iron increases in your body, so to be sure you get enough iron, eat meats, whole grain breads, leafy green vegetables, beans and dried fruits.

5th month:

Make it sure to eat food which carried more Vitamin C, so it is important to get a fresh supply every day because your body does not store Vitamin C. Good sources of Vitamin C are broccoli, tomatoes and oranges.

6th & 7th month:

You may find crave from foods smell or taste bad, even before your pregnancy you liked that food so much. Try to find substitutes that provide the right nutrients if it happens.

8th & 9th month:

It is still important what you eat. Taking a warm shower before bed also helps to relax you and make you sleepy, and if you have trouble sleeping, try drinking something warm and lying on your side with pillows to support your body.

Pregnancy Stages

1st-3rd month:
After the end of three months you get lot of weight and due to hormonal changes you may feel tired. Plan to get extra rest, sneaking in sleep when you can and slow down. By the end of third month you should feel more energetic. You may need to urinate more frequently now. This is common during the first and last three months of pregnancy. Start wearing loosely fitting clothes for more comfort.

4th Month:
You may feel more energy. Sickness and fatigue may stop in this period, and you may also notice our belly looks larger because of the growth of baby.

5th Month:
You should move and stand often because of changes in your circulation. Throughout the remainders of your pregnancy continue to do this. Your breasts may begin to leak a yellowish fluid called colostrums in preparation for breastfeeding and you may begin to feel movement of baby in this month

6th Month:
You may gain 3-4 pounds this month, and during the latter stages of pregnancy your feet may swell. Putting your feet up may help reduce any ankle swelling. Have wide, comfortable shoes, preferably with no heel.

7th Month:
You may gain 3-4 pounds in this month. You may tire easily. Ask for help, if you work, try to work shorter hours or a more flexible schedule if possible, and try of take more and more rest.

8th Month:
You may gain 3-4 pounds this month and increases in frequency of urination, backaches, anxiety, heartburn, and may shortness of breath occur. Try to have larger maternity clothes, if necessary. You will be growing quite a bit these last few weeks.

9th Month:
You may gain 3-4 pounds this month. Your stomach may change shape as the baby begins to position itself for birth. It may be easier to breathe now, but you may have to urinate more often. Get plenty of rest!

Getting boy or girl?
It takes about 20 minutes for the lucky winner to find his way in, over the next ten to 30 hours of conception; the sperm's nucleus merge with the egg's as they combine their genetic material. If the sperm carries a Y chromosome, your baby will be a boy; if it's an X chromosome, you'll be welcoming a girl.